영어성경공부 (창세기 49장)

NIV Bible

Genesis 49

Jacob Blesses His Sons

 

1. Then Jacob called for his sons and said: 'Gather around so I can tell you what will happen to you in days to come.

* in (the)days[weeks, months, years] to come: 미래에

 

2. 'Assemble and listen, sons of Jacob; listen to your father Israel.

3. 'Reuben, you are my firstborn, my might, the first sign of my strength, excelling in honor, excelling in power.

* might: 격식 또는 문예체 (강력한) 힘[에너지], 권력

* excel in~: ~에서 뛰어나다, 출중하다

 

4. Turbulent as the waters, you will no longer excel, for you went up onto your father's bed, onto my couch and defiled it.

* turbulent: 격동의, (물·공기가) 사나운, 요동을 치는, 난기류의 / <감정 등이> 교란된, 격한

* defile: 격식 또는 문예체 (신선하거나 중요한 것을) 더럽히다

 

5. 'Simeon and Levi are brothers—their swords are weapons of violence.

6. Let me not enter their council, let me not join their assembly, for they have killed men in their anger and hamstrung oxen as they pleased.

* council: 성서,격식 | 중의회, 회의

* assembly: (사교·종교 등을 위한) 집회

* hamstring: ~의 슬건을 끊어서 절름발이로 만들다; 병신으로 만들다 / (동물의) 뒷다리 관절 뒷부분의 힘줄, 오금줄

* oxen: ox의 복수

 

7. Cursed be their anger, so fierce, and their fury, so cruel! I will scatter them in Jacob and disperse them in Israel.

* cursed be ~ : 격식| ~에 저주가 있을 것이다

* so: 여기서는 강조의 의미로 very 또는 extremely로 해석된다. (바드와 한글성경 참고)

* disperse: (이리저리) 흩어지다, 해산시키다

 

8. "Judah, your brothers will praise you; your hand will be on the neck of your enemies; your father's sons will bow down to you.

9. You are a lion's cub, O Judah; you return from the prey, my son. Like a lion he crouches and lies down, like a lioness—who dares to rouse him?

* cub: (곰·사자·여우 등의) 새끼

* prey: 사냥감

* crouch: (몸을) 쭈그리다

* lie down: 드러눕다, 엎드리다

* rouse: (특히 깊이 잠든 사람을) 깨우다, 성나게 하다, 자극하다

바드 AI

The phrase "return from the prey" in the sentence "You are a lion's cub, O Judah; you return from the prey, my son. Like a lion he crouches and lies down, like a lioness—who dares to rouse him?" refers to Judah's victorious return from battle. In the context of the passage, Jacob is blessing his twelve sons and predicting their future. He compares Judah to a lion, a symbol of strength and power. He says that Judah will be victorious in battle and will return home with the spoils of war. The phrase "return from the prey" is a metaphor for Judah's victory and his strength. The phrase "return from the prey" can also be interpreted more literally. In the ancient world, lions were often seen as symbols of kings and conquerors. A lion that returns from the prey is a lion that has successfully hunted and killed its prey. This is a sign of the lion's strength and power, and it also demonstrates the lion's ability to provide for its family. In the context of the passage, Jacob is comparing Judah to a lion that has returned from the hunt. He is saying that Judah will be a strong and powerful leader who will provide for his people. The phrase "return from the prey" is a powerful metaphor for Judah's future. It speaks of his strength, his power, and his ability to provide for his people. It is a reminder that Judah will be a victorious leader who will bring peace and prosperity to his people. ----------- The phrase "lies down" in the sentence "Like a lion he crouches and lies down, like a lioness—who dares to rouse him?" can be interpreted in two ways. • Literally: It can mean that the lion lies down to rest after a successful hunt. Lions are known to be very active animals, and they often need to rest after a long day of hunting. When a lion lies down, it is usually in a safe place where it is not likely to be disturbed. This allows the lion to relax and recharge its energy for the next hunt. • Figuratively: It can also mean that the lion lies down in wait for its prey. Lions are ambush predators, which means that they prefer to lie in wait for their prey before attacking. When a lion lies down, it is usually in a strategic location where it can see its prey without being seen. This allows the lion to attack its prey without warning. In the context of the passage, Jacob is using the phrase "lies down" in a figurative sense. He is saying that Judah will be a strong and powerful leader who will be ready to strike at any moment. Judah will be like a lion that lies in wait for its prey, always ready to attack. It is also possible that Jacob is using the phrase "lies down" in both a literal and figurative sense. He is saying that Judah will be a strong and powerful leader who will be able to rest and relax after a successful hunt, but he will also be ready to attack at any moment. Judah will be a lion that is both fierce and merciful. ------------ The word "rouse" can mean both "waking a lion up" and "making a lion angry." In the context of the passage, Jacob is using the word "rouse" in the latter sense. He is saying that no one should dare to make Judah angry, because Judah is a fierce and powerful leader. If someone were to make Judah angry, they would be in for a world of trouble. The word "rouse" can also be used in a more literal sense to mean "waking up." However, in the context of the passage, it is clear that Jacob is not using the word "rouse" in this sense. He is using it in the figurative sense to mean "to anger" or "to provoke." The phrase "who dares to rouse him?" is a rhetorical question. It is asking who would be foolish enough to make Judah angry. The answer is, of course, no one. Judah is a powerful and dangerous leader, and no one would want to get on his bad side. The phrase "who dares to rouse him?" is also a warning. It is a warning to Judah's enemies that they should not make him angry. If they do, they will regret it.

10. The scepter will not depart from Judah, nor the ruler's staff from between his feet, until he comes to whom it belongs and the obedience of the nations is his.

* scepter [sceptre]: (왕이 왕권의 상징으로 드는) 홀, 권장

* until he comes to whom it belongs : he와 whom 모두 메시아를 뜻한다. whom은 to의 목적어이다. whom을 관계대명사로 보면 앞에 선행사가 없다는 문제가 생긴다. 쉽게 풀어 다시 쓰면, until he comes to someone who it belongs 라고 할 수 있다. 그러나 바드가 someone은 우아한 표현이 아니란다. it belongs가 관계대명사 절이고, 목적격 관계대명사 who, whom이 생략된 형태이다. (관계대명사 생략된 형태를 zero relative pronouns라고 한단다 - 바드- ) 풀어서 해석하면, 메시아가 whom으로 올 때까지 / 그것(권장과 지팡이)이 속해있는 자로서. (스타일리쉬한 문장을 만들기 위해 선행사를 생각한 것 같다.)

Image by Bielan BNeres from Pixabay

 

11. He will tether his donkey to a vine, his colt to the choicest branch; he will wash his garments in wine, his robes in the blood of grapes.

* tether: (동물이 멀리 가지 못하게 말뚝에) 묶다

* colt: (4~5tp ehls) 수망아지 (a young male horse)

* blood: (붉은) 과즙

 

12. His eyes will be darker than wine, his teeth whiter than milk.

13. 'Zebulun will live by the seashore and become a haven for ships; his border will extend toward Sidon.

* haven: 안식처, 피난처 / 항구, 정박소

 

14. 'Issachar is a rawboned donkey lying down between two saddlebags.

* rawboned: 빼빼 마른, 앙상한 (thin and bony, strong but not fleshy body. The donkey in the sentence is described as rawboned because it is thin and has a prominent skeleton -바드-).

* saddlebag: (말의) 안장에 다는 주머니

 

15. When he sees how good is his resting place and how pleasant is his land, he will bend his shoulder to the burden and submit to forced labor.

* submit to: (특히 불쾌한 일을)감수하다

* forced labor: 강제노동

 

16. 'Dan will provide justice for his people as one of the tribes of Israel.

17. Dan will be a serpent by the roadside, a viper along the path, that bites the horse's heels so that its rider tumbles backward.

* tumble: 굴러 떨어지다

 

18. 'I look for your deliverance, O LORD.

19. 'Gad will be attacked by a band of raiders, but he will attack them at their heels.

* raider: (범행을 저지르기 위해 어떤 장소에 들어온) 침입자

* at heel: 뒤따라서, 바로 뒤에서

 

20. "Asher's food will be rich; he will provide delicacies fit for a king.

* delicacy: (특정 지역의) 진미[별미]

* fit - fitted fit - fitted fit

 

21. 'Naphtali is a doe set free that bears beautiful fawns.

* doe: (사슴·토끼의) 암컷

* fawn: (생후 1년이 안 된) 새끼 사슴

 

22. 'Joseph is a fruitful vine, a fruitful vine near a spring, whose branches climb over a wall.

23. With bitterness archers attacked him; they shot at him with hostility.

* bitterness: 쓴 맛, 격렬함, 쓰라림, 매서움, 고통스러움, 비통함, 냉혹함

* (bitterness 뒤에 쉼표가 있는 것이 적절하다, 그렇다고 꼭 있어야 되는 것은 아니란다. -from Bard- )

* hostility: 적의, 적대감

 

24. But his bow remained steady, his strong arms stayed limber, because of the hand of the Mighty One of Jacob, because of the Shepherd, the Rock of Israel,

* limber: (근육 등이) 유연한 / 몸을 유연하게 하다

 

25. because of your father's God, who helps you, because of the Almighty, who blesses you with blessings of the heavens above, blessings of the deep that lies below, blessings of the breast and womb.

26. Your father's blessings are greater than the blessings of the ancient mountains, than the bounty of the age-old hills. Let all these rest on the head of Joseph, on the brow of the prince among his brothers.

* bounty: 문예체| 너그러움, 풍부함

* age-old: 아주 오래된, 예로부터 전해 내려오는

* rest: (자) 위치하다, 존재하다 /  (타) 두다, 얹다, 기대게 하다 (on, upon, against) 예) rest one's chin on one's hands (양손에 턱을 괴다)

 

27. 'Benjamin is a ravenous wolf; in the morning he devours the prey, in the evening he divides the plunder.'

* revenous: 배가 고파 죽을 지경인

* plunder: (특히 전시 등의) 약탈품[강탈품]

 

28. All these are the twelve tribes of Israel, and this is what their father said to them when he blessed them, giving each the blessing appropriate to him.

 

The Death of Jacob

 

29. Then he gave them these instructions: 'I am about to be gathered to my people. Bury me with my fathers in the cave in the field of Ephron the Hittite,

30. the cave in the field of Machpelah, near Mamre in Canaan, which Abraham bought as a burial place from Ephron the Hittite, along with the field.

31. There Abraham and his wife Sarah were buried, there Isaac and his wife Rebekah were buried, and there I buried Leah.

32. The field and the cave in it were bought from the Hittites.'

33. When Jacob had finished giving instructions to his sons, he drew his feet up into the bed, breathed his last and was gathered to his people.